Computer Networking

Computer Networking

Computer network is a set of computers connected together and can share resources,such as printers,CDROMs,exchange files,and electronic communications between computers.The relationship between computers in a network can use the media cable,telephone,radio,satellite or infrared light(infrared).

Type of computer networks are divided into two classifications, based on technology and distance-based trasmisi.

A.Types of Computer Network Based Transmission Technology.


The type of network based transmission technology is divided into two,namely broadcast networks and point-to-point.

Here's the description:

1.Broadcast Network This network uses a single communication channel that is used all the computers or machines that connect to this network together.

2.Network Point-to-Point Network consists of several computers or machines which often have a much different route because of its distance.In the send packets from a source machine to a destination,the packets of this type must be through the intermediary machine that can be through many routes.



In general,local network or networks that are geographically small tend to use broadcast networks,while larger networks can use the Network Point-to-Point.

B. Types of Computer Network Based on Distance.


Type of distance-based network is divided into three, namely the Local Area Network (LAN), Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) and Wide Area Network (WAN).

Here's the description:


1.Local Area Network(LAN)
Local Area Network(LAN)is the number of computers linked together in one particular area that is not so broad as in one office or building.In outline there are two types of network or LAN,the network Peer to Peer and Client-network Server.peer to peer network,every computer connected to the network can act as both a workstation and server.whereas on the network Client-Server,only one computer that acts as a server and another machine acting as workstation.between two types of the respective network each has advantages and disadvantages,in which each will be explained.

LAN is composed of several basic elements that include hardware and software components,namely:

* Physical Components of Personal Computer(PC),Network Interface Card(NIC),cable,network topology.

* Components of the Network Operating System Software,Network Adapter Drivers,Network Protocols.
This is known as area networks,namely network limited to a small area, such as the office environment in a building,school,or college.In a LAN network,there is one computer called a server,whose function is to provide software services (software),managing network activity and save the file. In addition there are servers connected to another computer in the network (network) is called the workstation (client).In general LAN technology using the media untruk cable connects computers that are used.

LAN can be distinguished by three characteristics, namely size, transmission technology, and topology. Transmission technology that can be used is a single-cable transmission. In normal LAN, the transmission speed of around 10 - 100 Mbps (megabits / second), and a small error factor. Topology used is usually the bus topology,Star and Ring.


2.Metropolitan Area Network(MAN)

This network is more extensive than the LAN network and reach among regions within provinces.MAN network linking smaller networks,such as the LAN environment that leads to a larger area.For example,some banks that have a network of computers in each branch can relate to each other so that customers can conduct transactions at branches and in the same province.

3.Wide Area Network(WAN)

This network covers a large area and is able to reach the provincial boundaries of existing states and even other dibelahan earth.WAN network to connect one computer to another computer by using a satellite or undersea cable.Topology is used WAN topology erratic in accordance with what would be used. Network Topology(Form Network)Network Topology is the physical description of the pattern of relationships between network components,including servers,workstations,hubs/switches.